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Coulomb’s Law
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Permittivity of free space ε0
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Electric Field
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Electric Field of a point charge Q1
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Superposition of electric fields from many point charges
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Electric flux ΦE through a closed surface
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Gauss’ Law
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Uniform charge distributions for filaments, surfaces, and volumes
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Acceleration of a charged particle of mass m and charge q in an electric field
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Dipole moment p of an electric dipole
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Torque on an electric dipole in an electric field
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Work to move a test charge q from r1 to r2 in the electric field of a point charge Q
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Potential energy of a test charge q in the presence of a point charge Q
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Work to move a test charge q from P1 to P2 in an arbitrary electric field
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Change in potential energy to move a test charge q from P1 to P2 in an arbitrary electric field
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Electric potential difference
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Electric potential at r of a point charge Q referenced from ∞
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Electric potential at P of a system of N point charges
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Potential energy of an arbitrary system of point charges Qi
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Electric potential at a perpendicular distance a from an infinite, uniformly charged wire with a linear charge density λ
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Electric field of a conducting surface with charge density σ
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Electric current I
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Ohm’s Law
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Ohmic loss or Joule heating
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Current density
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Conductivity σ
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Resistivity ρ
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Ohm’s Law
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Resistance of a wire of cross-sectional area A and length ℓ
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Temperature dependence of resistivity for most conductors
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Resistors in series
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Resistors in parallel
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Kirchhoff’s junction rule
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Kirchhoff’s loop rule
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Capacitance C
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Capacitance C of a parallel plate capacitor of surface area A, plate separation d, and dielectric constant κ
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Stored energy U in a capacitor
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Capacitors in parallel
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Capacitors in series
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Dielectric constant κ
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Energy density in an electric field
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Magnetic force law
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Biot-Savart law
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Magnetic induction on the axis of a current I in a circular loop of radius a
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Magnetic dipole moment of a current loop
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Gauss’s Law for Magnetic Fields
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Ampère’s Law
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Magnetic induction from a current I in a long straight wire
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Magnetic induction in a solenoid
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Motion perpendicular to a uniform magnetic field B
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Lorentz force law
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Force on a current-carrying wire
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Torque on a current loop in a magnetic field B
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Faraday’s Law
(the – sign in the last two terms is the result of Lenz’s law)
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Induced electromotive force
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Electromotive force of a generator rotating at an angular speed ω
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Torque of a simple electric motor
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Electromotive force driving a simple electric motor
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Displacement current Id
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Ampère-Maxwell Law
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RC Circuit (discharging)
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RC Circuit (charging)
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Self-Inductance L
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Self-Inductance of a Solenoid
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Energy stored in an Inductor
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Energy density in a magnetic field
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Energy density in an electromagnetic field
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Mutual Inductance M
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Relationship of electromotive force to the number of turns N in a transformer
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LR Circuit (decaying)
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LR Circuit (increasing)
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LC Circuit
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LRC Circuit
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Alternating Current Circuits
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Charge and current for a capacitor in an alternating current
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Current in an inductor in an alternating current
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rms potential in an alternating circuit
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Average power in an alternating current circuit
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Reactance of a capacitor
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Reactance of an inductor
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Impedance Z of an RC Circuit
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Phase angle φ in an RC Circuit
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Impedance Z of an LR Circuit
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Phase angle φ in an LR Circuit
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Impedance Z of an LRC Circuit
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Phase angle φ in an LRC Circuit
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Current I in RC, LR and LRC Circuits
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Average power in RC, LR and LRC Circuits
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Natural or resonance frequency of an LRC Circuit
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Voltage amplification across the capacitor in an LRC circuit at the resonance frequency
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